VICKSBURG
Vicksburg was a tough nut to crack. Grant had originally started his first Vicksburg Campaign in November 1862 by starting out from LaGrange Tennessee. His goal was to take Vicksburg from the eastern side of the Mississippi. He eventually had to turn back because Nathan Bedford Forrest and Earl Van Dorn destroyed his supply lines in West Tennessee and Holly Springs Mississippi. Grant was forced to march back after a failed attempt by Sherman to take Vicksburg by attacking Chickasaw Bluffs. Sherman learned a valuable lesson on this failed campaign. The Union Army didn't need supply lines because they could live off the land. He applied this principle in his later Meridian Campaign and his March to the Sea. All through that winter of 1863 Grant tried various ways to take Vicksburg but with no success. Even though he wasn't hopeful of success he was able to keep his troops active and healthy during a season that is usually unhealthy for inactive troops in winter quarters. Then...